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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on the Primary Motor Cortex by Online Combined Approach with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

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Published on: September 23, 2017

A rational, multispectral mapping algorithm for primary motor cortex: A primary step before cortical stimulation.

Shuichiro Neshige^1,2, Katsuya Kobayashi¹, Masao Matsuhashi³

¹Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

|February 22, 2019

Summary

A new electrocorticography (ECoG) score effectively maps the primary motor area (M1) using intrinsic brain activity. This scoring system offers a rational, safe alternative to electrical cortical stimulation (ECS) for future AI-driven brain mapping.

Keywords:

Bereitschaftspotential electrical cortical stimulation event-related desynchronization event-related synchronization movement-related cortical potential primary motor area

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The Use of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as a Tool for the Measurement of Bi-hemispheric Transcranial Electric Stimulation Effects on Primary Motor Cortex Metabolism

Published on: November 19, 2014

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Computational Neuroscience
Medical Technology

Background:

Developing AI-based brain mapping requires reliable scoring systems for motor cortex localization.
Electrocorticography (ECoG) captures intrinsic brain activity, offering potential for mapping without direct stimulation.
Electrical cortical stimulation (ECS) is a common but invasive method for presurgical brain mapping.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a novel ECoG score for mapping the primary motor area (M1).
To assess the ECoG score's accuracy and concordance with ECS-based M1 localization.
To establish a rational and safe scoring system for AI-driven brain mapping.

Main Methods:

Analyzed ECoG data from 1114 electrodes in 10 epilepsy patients undergoing surgery.
Developed an ECoG score based on movement-related cortical potentials, event-related synchronization, and desynchronization.
Validated the ECoG score against M1 localization defined by ECS, calculating sensitivity, specificity, and AUC.

Main Results:

The ECoG score demonstrated high specificity (94%) and sensitivity (98%) for M1 localization, with an overall AUC of 0.76.
The score achieved higher accuracy for upper limb M1 mapping (AUC = 0.85) compared to face M1 mapping (AUC = 0.64).
Cutoff scores of 4 and 1 indicated high specificity and sensitivity, respectively.

Conclusions:

The proposed ECoG score is a rational, simple, and useful tool for M1 mapping, spatially concordant with ECS.
This ECoG scoring system offers a potential alternative to ECS for presurgical examination and future AI-based brain mapping.
The ECoG score may be applicable beyond M1 mapping, independent of ECS.