Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Clinical Practice Protocol of Creative Music Therapy for Preterm Infants and Their Parents in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
11:50

Clinical Practice Protocol of Creative Music Therapy for Preterm Infants and Their Parents in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Published on: January 7, 2020

27.6K

Parenting style associations with sensory threshold and behaviour: a prospective cohort study in term/preterm infants

Mary Lauren Neel1,2, James C Slaughter1, Ann R Stark1,3

  • 1Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|February 22, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Permissive parenting is linked to poorer sensory and behavioral outcomes in infants. Authoritative parenting may benefit preterm infants, suggesting parenting style modifications can improve child development.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neonatal Studies
  • Child Behavior

Background:

  • Atypical sensory functioning and behavioral profiles in early life are linked to long-term developmental issues, particularly in preterm infants.
  • Understanding factors influencing these outcomes is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between parenting style and atypical sensory thresholds or behavioral outcomes in preterm and term infants.
  • To explore if parenting style moderates developmental trajectories in early childhood.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study evaluating parenting style, sensory neurological thresholds at one year, and internalizing/externalizing behaviors at two years.
  • Standardized tools were used, with covariates including gestational age, sex, and maternal education.

Main Results:

  • Permissive parenting was associated with a 2.7-fold increased likelihood of abnormal sensory thresholds and increased internalizing (2.4-fold) and externalizing (3.0-fold) behaviors.
  • In preterm infants only, authoritative parenting scores correlated with fewer behavioral problems.

Conclusions:

  • Permissive parenting styles are linked to adverse sensory and behavioral outcomes in infants.
  • Authoritative parenting shows a protective effect on behavioral problems specifically in preterm children.
  • Parenting style modification may represent a viable strategy to enhance infant sensory development and behavioral outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
Behavioural and learning problemsNeurodevelopmentParentingPreterm children

More Related Videos

P50 Sensory Gating in Infants12:55

P50 Sensory Gating in Infants

Published on: December 26, 2013

9.6K
Isolation and Characterization of Human Umbilical Cord-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Preterm and Term Infants07:26

Isolation and Characterization of Human Umbilical Cord-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Preterm and Term Infants

Published on: January 26, 2019

15.0K

Related Concept Videos

Parenting Styles01:27

Parenting Styles

Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles — authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and permissive — each influence children's socio-emotional development differently.
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
648
What is a Sensory System?01:31

What is a Sensory System?

Sensory systems detect stimuli—such as light and sound waves—and transduce them into neural signals that can be interpreted by the nervous system. In addition to external stimuli detected by the senses, some sensory systems detect internal stimuli—such as the proprioceptors in muscles and tendons that send feedback about limb position.
101.1K
Attachment Styles01:24

Attachment Styles

Jeffrey Simpson's attachment theory suggests that early caregiver relationships shape lasting patterns of behavior and emotional regulation, known as attachment styles. These patterns are organized along two key dimensions: self-esteem and interpersonal trust. The intersection of these dimensions produces four primary attachment styles that typically persist throughout life and significantly influence how individuals form and maintain relationships.Secure Attachment StyleIndividuals with a...
402
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
15.6K
Parental Care00:55

Parental Care

Many animals exhibit parental care behavior, including feeding, grooming, and protecting young offspring. Parental care is universal in mammals and birds, which often have young that are born relatively helpless. Several species of insects and fish, as well as some amphibians, also care for their young.
12.7K
Hazan and Shaver's Attachment Styles01:28

Hazan and Shaver's Attachment Styles

Attachment theory, developed initially to explain infant–caregiver bonds, has been extended to illuminate patterns of intimacy in adult romantic relationships. Psychologists Cindy Hazan and Phillip Shaver proposed that the attachment styles observed in infancy form a framework for how individuals approach emotional closeness and conflict in adulthood. These attachment styles—secure, avoidant, and anxious—are linked to enduring patterns of behavior and emotional regulation in...
458