A 3D self-supported coralline-like CuCo₂S₄@NiCo₂S₄ core-shell nanostructure composite for high-performance solid-state asymmetrical supercapacitors

Rational construction of three dimensional (3D) composite structure is an important method to flexible supercapacitor electrodes and has been extensively developed. In this work, a 3D self-supported CuCo₂S₄@NiCo₂S₄ core-shell nanostructure grown on Nickel (Ni) foam, constructed by a hydrothermal method, was used as a novel supercapacitor electrode material. The unique structure possesses a large, specific surface area, rapid diffusion of electrolyte ions by numerous channels and avoids the use of additives and adhesives. The high electrical conductivity of the CuCo₂S₄ nanoneedle arrays can speed up electronic transmission. At a current density of 1 A g^-1, the electrode material exhibits a high specific capacity of 539.2 C g^-1 and cycling stability with 100% capacity retention after 5000 cycles in 3 M KOH. Furthermore, when the obtained CuCo₂S₄@NiCo₂S₄ was used as the positive electrode and an activated carbon was used as the negative electrode, a solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor was assembled. More importantly, the obtained solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor demonstrated excellent electrochemical performance. When the power density was 400 W kg^-1, it delivered a high density of 23.4 W h kg^-1 with a high voltage window of 1.6 V, thus demonstrating that the material has the potential for use as an efficient electrode for electrochemical capacitors. Due to its comprehensive electrochemical performance, the CuCo₂S₄@NiCo₂S₄ solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor effectively operated a red LED.