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Maternal motives behind elective cesarean sections.

Emaline Reyes1, Karen Rosenberg1

  • 1Department of Anthropology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware.

American Journal of Human Biology : the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fear significantly influences birth preferences, with women opting for cesarean sections reporting higher fear levels. Addressing maternal fear may help reduce high cesarean section rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal Health
  • Psychological Factors in Pregnancy

Background:

  • The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a target cesarean section rate of 10-15%.
  • The United States national cesarean section rate is 30.3%, with some developed countries exceeding this.
  • High cesarean section rates are multifactorial, with fear potentially playing a significant role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that fear is a primary motivator for women electing cesarean sections.
  • To quantify the relationship between fear of childbirth and birth preference.

Main Methods:

  • Online survey distributed to 368 American women of childbearing age who have not yet given birth.
  • Data collected via categorical responses with a 92% completion rate.
  • Non-parametric statistical methods used to test hypotheses.

Main Results:

  • Women preferring cesarean sections were significantly more likely to report extreme fear of birth (43.9%) compared to those preferring vaginal delivery (20.6%).
  • Fear influenced birth preference in 73.2% of the cesarean section group, versus 18.9% in the vaginal birth group.
  • Conversely, 53.7% of the vaginal birth group reported fear did not influence their preference, compared to 9.8% in the cesarean section group.

Conclusions:

  • Fear is a significant motivating factor for women who elect cesarean sections.
  • Women electing cesarean sections experience higher levels of fear and more frequently cite fear as a decision-influencing factor.
  • The study suggests non-interventional, cost-effective strategies to address maternal fear could help reduce unnecessary cesarean sections.