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Emerging misunderstood presentations of cardiovascular disease in young women

Renee P Bullock-Palmer1, Leslee J Shaw2, Martha Gulati3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Deborah Heart and Lung Center, Browns Mills, New Jersey.

Clinical Cardiology
|February 23, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in young women is often misunderstood. Emerging conditions like spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) and mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) require greater awareness for improved female patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Women's Health
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death for US women, with high mortality in those under 55.
  • Traditional risk assessment tools often fail to identify at-risk women, particularly younger ones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight emerging, misunderstood presentations of CVD in young women.
  • To emphasize the need to identify at-risk female patients beyond traditional plaque assessment.

Main Methods:

  • This review focuses on myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) and ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA).
  • Specific conditions discussed include spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) and mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI).

Main Results:

  • MINOCA is more prevalent in women presenting with myocardial infarction.
  • Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), particularly type 2, is a common, misunderstood cause of CVD in younger women.
  • Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) is more frequent in women with CVD.

Conclusions:

  • Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) and mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) are prevalent, misunderstood conditions in young women.
  • Recognizing these presentations is crucial to prevent misdiagnosis and improve clinical outcomes for female patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
artery dissectioncardiovascular diseaseemergingischemiaischemic heart diseasemental stressmisunderstoodmyocardial infarctionspontaneous coronarywomen

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