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Related Concept Videos

Groupthink01:34

Groupthink

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When in group settings, we are often influenced by the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors around us. Groupthink is another phenomenon of conformity where modification of the opinions of members in a group aligns with what they believe is the group consensus (Janis, 1972). In such situations, the group often takes action that individuals would not perform outside the group setting because groups make more extreme decisions than individuals do. Moreover, groupthink can hinder opposing trains of...
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Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
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Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
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The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
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Surveys02:16

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Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Intraoperative Video Consultation Following Bile Duct Transection Facilitates Direct OR Transfer for Robotic Hepaticojejunostomy at Tertiary Center
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Should Watson Be Consulted for a Second Opinion?

David D Luxton1

  • 1An affiliate associate professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at the University of Washington School of Medicine in Seattle.

AMA Journal of Ethics
|February 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This article examines the ethical and legal considerations of using IBM Watson for clinical decision-making. It provides guidance for healthcare professionals on safely integrating artificial intelligence diagnostic tools.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Informatics
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
  • Clinical Decision Support Systems

Background:

  • The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into clinical practice presents novel ethical and legal challenges.
  • IBM Watson is a prominent example of an AI system used for clinical decision support.

Observation:

  • A case study involving a patient with leukemia highlights the complexities of AI in diagnosis and treatment planning.
  • The article evaluates the benefits and limitations of AI tools in medical decision-making.

Findings:

  • Careful consideration of ethical responsibilities and legal liabilities is crucial when employing AI systems like IBM Watson.
  • Precautions are necessary before relying on AI for clinical decisions.

Implications:

  • Healthcare professionals and organizations need clear guidance for the responsible use of AI in diagnosis and treatment recommendations.
  • Establishing frameworks for AI accountability in healthcare is essential for patient safety and trust.