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Peri-implant Mucositis.

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    Peri-implant mucositis, an inflammation around implants, affects 20-80% of patients. This review questions its complete reversibility and links to peri-implantitis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dentistry
    • Periodontology
    • Biomaterials Science

    Background:

    • Peri-implant mucositis is an inflammatory condition affecting soft tissues around dental implants.
    • It is characterized by inflammation without bone loss, distinguishing it from peri-implantitis.
    • Understanding its prevalence and etiology is crucial for implant longevity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the prevalence, etiology, risk indicators, prevention, and treatment of peri-implant mucositis.
    • To critically evaluate the current definition and understanding of peri-implant mucositis, particularly its reversibility.
    • To explore the relationship between peri-implant mucositis and its progression to peri-implantitis.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of studies on peri-implant mucositis.
    • Analysis of reported prevalence rates and etiological factors, focusing on bacterial involvement.
    • Discussion of existing definitions and concepts related to mucositis and peri-implantitis.

    Main Results:

    • Prevalence of peri-implant mucositis ranges from 20% to 80% of subjects (13% to 62% of implants) after 5 years.
    • Bacterial etiology is a significant factor in the development of mucositis.
    • The review questions the assumption of complete reversibility and the concept of mucositis converting to peri-implantitis.

    Conclusions:

    • Peri-implant mucositis is highly prevalent in long-term implant function.
    • The bacterial etiology is a key factor, necessitating effective prevention and management strategies.
    • Further research is needed to clarify the reversibility of mucositis and its definitive link to peri-implantitis progression.