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Related Concept Videos

Maximum Power Transfer01:16

Maximum Power Transfer

905
Numerous practical applications within engineering disciplines, such as telecommunications, necessitate optimizing power delivery to a connected load. This pursuit, however, entails inherent internal losses, which can either equal or exceed the power supplied to the load. The Thevenin equivalent circuit is helpful in finding the maximum power a linear circuit can deliver to a load. It is assumed in this context that the load resistance can be adjusted.
By substituting the entire circuit with...
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The Maximum Power Transfer Theorem01:20

The Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

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Consider a linear AC Thevenin equivalent circuit connected to a load impedance.
The load connected draws the current, and the circuit delivers the power to the load. The alternating current flowing through the load is determined using the rectangular form of voltages, currents, network impedance, and load impedance. The average power delivered to the load is obtained from the product of the square of current and load resistance.
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Equivalent Capacitance01:19

Equivalent Capacitance

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From the study of resistive circuits, it is understood that employing a series-parallel combination serves as an effective strategy for simplifying circuits. Capacitors can be arranged within a circuit in one of two ways: a series configuration or a parallel configuration. The way these capacitors are connected to a battery will influence both the potential drop across each individual capacitor and the size of the charge that each capacitor can store. This is determined by the specific type of...
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Equivalent Capacitance01:19

Equivalent Capacitance

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Multiple capacitors can be connected in a circuit in series or parallel configuration. When the capacitor combination is connected to a battery, the potential drop across each capacitor and the magnitude of charge stored in the individual capacitor depends on the type of the connection. The capacitor combination is replaced by a single equivalent capacitor that stores the same amount of charge as the combination for a given potential difference.
The following strategies are adopted to calculate...
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Capacitors and Capacitance01:18

Capacitors and Capacitance

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A device consisting of two electrical conductors that are separated by a distance and used to store electrical charges is called a capacitor. The space between the conductors is either a vacuum or an insulating material, called a dielectric. Capacitors have many applications, ranging from filtering static from radio reception to energy storage in heart defibrillators.
When the conductors are two identical parallel plates, it is called a parallel plate capacitor. When battery terminals are...
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Power01:08

Power

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The concept of work involves force and displacement; meanwhile, the work-energy theorem relates the net work done on a body to the difference in its kinetic energy, calculated between two points on its trajectory. While none of these quantities or relations involves time explicitly, we know that the time available to accomplish work is often just as important as the amount of work itself. For example, sprinters in a race may have achieved the same velocity at the finish, therefore,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Implantation and Control of Wireless, Battery-free Systems for Peripheral Nerve Interfacing
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Exploiting Self-Capacitances for Wireless Power Transfer.

Yarub Alazzawi, Kenji Aono, Erica L Scheller

    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
    |February 23, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Self-capacitance (SC)-based wireless power transfer offers superior efficiency and scalability for microwatt power budgets compared to conventional methods. This technology enables hybrid systems for remote sensing and powering wearable devices.

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    Area of Science:

    • Electrical Engineering
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Wireless Power Transfer

    Background:

    • Conventional wireless power transfer (WPT) methods suffer from efficiency limitations tied to transducer size, distance, and alignment.
    • Microwatt power requirements present unique challenges for existing WPT technologies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the advantages of self-capacitance (SC)-based power delivery for low-power WPT applications.
    • To develop and validate a circuit model for SC-based WPT.
    • To demonstrate a hybrid telemetry system utilizing SC-based WPT for remote sensing.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a tractable equivalent circuit model for SC-based wireless power transfer.
    • Experimentally validated the circuit model using a cadaver mouse model.
    • Integrated SC-based WPT with radio-frequency (RF) back-scattering for a hybrid telemetry system.

    Main Results:

    • SC-based WPT demonstrates significant advantages in power-transfer efficiency, receiver form-factor, and system scalability for microwatt power budgets.
    • Experimental validation confirmed the efficacy of the SC-based WPT circuit model.
    • Successfully demonstrated a hybrid system capable of harvesting microwatts of power for RF signal back-scattering and remote physiological sensing.

    Conclusions:

    • SC-based power delivery is a highly advantageous approach for low-power wireless applications.
    • The proposed hybrid telemetry system offers a novel solution for remote activation of devices and energy-efficient monitoring.
    • This technology holds promise for wearable devices and long-term animal monitoring systems.