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This study explored the link between digit ratio (2D:4D) and prosocial behavior, finding that for some men, intuitive thinking decreases prosociality. Cognitive reflection measures also showed varied impacts on prosocial decision-making.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • The relationship between digit ratio (2D:4D), cognitive styles, and prosocial behavior is complex and yields inconsistent findings in prior research.
  • Understanding these links is crucial for comprehending the biological and cognitive underpinnings of altruistic decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that 2D:4D digit ratio predicts prosociality, particularly when individuals rely on intuition over deliberation.
  • To investigate the differential impact of cognitive reflection measures on prosocial decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • Participants' reliance on intuition versus deliberation was assessed using the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT).
  • Prosociality was measured using the Social Value Orientation (SVO) slider measure.
  • Two versions of the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT and CRT-2) were employed.

Main Results:

  • No collective evidence supported the main hypothesis that 2D:4D predicts prosociality.
  • A nuanced finding emerged: for men with low (right) 2D:4D, increased intuition correlated with decreased prosociality.
  • Only the CRT-2 measure, not the classic CRT, positively predicted prosociality.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights a complex interplay between 2D:4D, cognitive style, and prosociality, with specific effects observed in subgroups (low 2D:4D men).
  • The findings underscore the importance of using specific cognitive reflection measures (CRT-2) for understanding prosocial decision-making.
  • Results necessitate further research to confirm observed patterns and explore underlying mechanisms.