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Characterization of Phytophthora capsici Isolates from Processing Pumpkin in Illinois
S Z Islam1, M Babadoost1, K N Lambert1
1Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
Plant Disease
|February 24, 2019
Summary
Phytophthora capsici isolates from pumpkin fields show genetic and virulence variations. These variations impact pumpkin plant health, highlighting the need for targeted disease management strategies.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Molecular Biology
- Agricultural Science
Background:
- Phytophthora capsici is a significant pathogen affecting cucurbits, including processing pumpkins (Cucurbita moschata).
- Understanding genetic and pathogenic diversity within P. capsici populations is crucial for effective disease management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate pathogenic, morphologic, and genetic variations among Phytophthora capsici isolates from Illinois processing pumpkin fields.
- To correlate genetic diversity with virulence and phenotypic characteristics.
Main Methods:
- Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to analyze genetic variation among 24 P. capsici isolates.
- Isolates were grouped using unweighted mean pair group analysis, and genetic distances were calculated.
- Pathogenicity was assessed through inoculation of pumpkin seedlings in greenhouse trials.
- Cultural growth patterns, temperature tolerance, oospore characteristics, and chlamydospore production were evaluated.
Main Results:
- Genetic analysis revealed six distinct genetic groups among the P. capsici isolates, with genetic distances ranging from 0.03 to 0.45.
- These genetic groups differed significantly (P = 0.05) in virulence on pumpkin seedlings.
- Four distinct cultural growth patterns (cottony, rosaceous, petaloid, stellate) were observed.
- Isolates with a cottony growth pattern did not grow at 36°C. Mean oospore diameter varied between A1 and A2 mating types.
- Nine of 24 isolates produced chlamydospores in V8-CaCO3 liquid medium.
Conclusions:
- Significant genetic, morphological, and pathogenic variations exist within Phytophthora capsici populations affecting processing pumpkins.
- Genetic diversity is correlated with virulence, suggesting different P. capsici lineages pose varying levels of threat.
- Understanding these variations is essential for developing targeted disease control strategies in pumpkin cultivation.
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