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Reproducing citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) symptoms is challenging. Inoculating young sweet orange seedlings via stem pricking or injection proved highly effective for CVC disease research.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Bacteriology

Background:

  • Citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) is a significant citrus disease.
  • Reproducing CVC symptoms experimentally has been difficult, hindering research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize methods for reliably reproducing CVC symptoms in experimental plants.
  • To identify effective inoculation techniques and plant ages for CVC studies.

Main Methods:

  • Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) cultivars were inoculated with Xylella fastidiosa (CVC strain 9a5c).
  • Inoculation methods included root immersion, stem absorption, pricking, and infiltration on plants of varying ages.
  • Plants were grown in pots or foam trays, with samples collected for PCR and bacterial isolation.

Main Results:

  • Root immersion and stem inoculation of older plants yielded low CVC symptom and isolation rates (0-9%).
  • Stem pricking or injection of 1-month-old seedlings resulted in high CVC symptom (29-90%) and isolation rates (26-98%).
  • Foam trays led to reduced growth, shorter incubation, and higher disease severity compared to pots.

Conclusions:

  • Stem pricking or injection of young seedlings is an effective method for inducing CVC symptoms.
  • Using foam trays enhances experimental reproducibility and efficiency for CVC research.