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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
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RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

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RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
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CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing of Rat Embryos using Adeno-Associated Virus AAV and 2-Cell Embryo Electroporation
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Genome Editing in Mouse Embryos with CRISPR/Cas9.

Greg J Scott1, Artiom Gruzdev2

  • 1Knockout Mouse Core, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|February 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary

CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing enables targeted genomic manipulation in mouse models, bypassing the need for embryonic stem cells. This accelerates the creation of precise transgenic mice for research.

Keywords:
CRISPR/Cas9Gene targetingGenetically modified miceGermline transmissionHomology-directed repair (HDR)MicroinjectionNonhomologous end joining (NHEJ)

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Embryo Microinjection and Knockout Mutant Identification of CRISPR/Cas9 Genome-Edited Helicoverpa Armigera H&#252;bner
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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Transgenic mouse models are crucial for studying gene function.
  • Traditional methods involved random integration or time-consuming targeted gene modification via embryonic stem cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the generation of mouse models with targeted genomic manipulation.
  • To highlight the advantages of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in creating precise transgenic models.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system.
  • Directly applying CRISPR/Cas9 into single-cell mouse embryos for targeted modifications.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR/Cas9 eliminates the need for genetically modified embryonic stem cells for certain targeted mutations.
  • Enables rapid generation of precisely engineered transgenic mice.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR/Cas9 significantly streamlines the generation of targeted transgenic mouse models.
  • This technology overcomes previous limitations associated with generating precise genomic manipulations.