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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Y-90 Radioembolization and PD-1 Inhibitor as Neoadjuvant Treatment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Published on: May 24, 2024
Evaluation of Early Response to Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Yttrium-90 Radioembolization Using
Sungwon Kim1, Do Young Kim2, Chansik An1
1Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science and Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Objective:
To identify an imaging predictor for the assessment of early treatment response to yttrium-90 transarterial radioembolization (TARE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), using a quantitative assessment of dynamic computed tomography (CT) images.
Materials And Methods:
Dynamic contrast-enhanced CT was obtained pre- and 4 weeks post-TARE in 44 patients (34 men, 10 women; mean age, 60 years) with HCC. Computer software was developed for measuring the percentage increase in the combined delayed-enhancing area and necrotic area (pD + N) and the percentage increase in the necrotic area (pNI) in the tumor-containing segments pre- and post-TARE. Local progression-free survival (PFS) was compared between patient groups using Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses.
Results:
Post-TARE HCC with pD + N ≥ 35.5% showed significantly longer PFS than those with pD + N < 35.5% (p = 0.001). The local tumor progression hazard ratio was 17.3 (p = 0.009) for pD + N < 35.5% versus pD + N ≥ 35.5% groups. HCCs with a high pNI tended to have longer PFS, although this difference did not reach statistical significance.
Conclusion:
HCCs with a larger pD + N are less likely to develop local progression after TARE.
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