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Related Concept Videos

Colloids03:22

Colloids

21.0K
Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Conformity01:20

Conformity

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Conformity is the change in a person’s behavior to go along with the group, even if that person does not agree with the group.
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Uncertainty in Measurement: Reading Instruments02:46

Uncertainty in Measurement: Reading Instruments

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Counting is the type of measurement that is free from uncertainty, provided the number of objects being counted does not change during the process. Such measurements result in exact numbers. By counting the eggs in a carton, for instance, one can determine exactly how many eggs are there in the carton. Similarly, the numbers of defined quantities are also exact. For example, 1 foot is exactly 12 inches, 1 inch is exactly 2.54 centimeters, and 1 gram is exactly 0.001 kilograms. Quantities...
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Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
3.4K
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

6.5K
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
6.5K
Conformations of Butane02:20

Conformations of Butane

18.0K
Unlike ethane and propane that have only two major conformations, butane has more than two conformers. The staggered form of butane in which the bulky methyl groups on the two carbons are placed on opposite sides, that is, at a dihedral angle of 180°, is the lowest energy, most stable form — called the anti conformer. This conformation is stabilized due to the absence of steric repulsion between the largely spaced out methyl groups. The other two staggered conformations are...
18.0K

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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics Analyses Using the OpenProt Database to Unveil Novel Proteins Translated from Non-Canonical Open Reading Frames
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Reading Conformational Changes in Proteins with a New Colloidal-Based Interfacial Biosensing System.

Mostak Ahmed, Laura G Carrascosa, Paul Mainwaring

    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
    |February 26, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a novel colloidal biosensing method to detect subtle changes in protein folding, crucial for diagnosing diseases like cancer. The approach offers high sensitivity and visual detection, outperforming existing methods.

    Keywords:
    colorimetric responsegold nanoparticlesprotein conformationprotein foldingtannic acid

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    Area of Science:

    • Biophysical Chemistry
    • Nanotechnology
    • Molecular Diagnostics

    Background:

    • Alterations in protein folding and stability are linked to diseases, including cancer.
    • Current methods for detecting subtle protein conformational changes lack sensitivity and simplicity.
    • Accurate protein folding evaluation is essential for disease diagnosis and monitoring.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a sensitive and simple colloidal-based interfacial biosensing approach for detecting protein folding changes.
    • To enable qualitative and quantitative profiling of protein denaturation and variant conformations.
    • To provide a method for early disease detection and therapeutic monitoring.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized tannic-acid-capped gold nanoparticles for direct interfacial interaction with soluble proteins.
    • Monitored protein-modulated colloid solvation changes, visualized by the naked eye.
    • Assessed sensitivity and specificity using model proteins (EGFR, ERK) and complex biological samples.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a limit of detection of 1 ng/μL for protein folding changes.
    • Demonstrated superior sensitivity compared to circular dichroism for subtle conformational shifts.
    • Successfully detected disease-relevant protein changes in lung cancer cell samples and monitored drug efficacy.

    Conclusions:

    • The colloidal interfacial biosensing approach offers a sensitive, rapid, and visual method for protein folding analysis.
    • This technique can detect protein conformational changes associated with mutations and post-translational modifications.
    • The approach holds potential for clinical diagnostics, drug discovery, and personalized medicine.