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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

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Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
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Defense Mechanism Against Infection01:26

Defense Mechanism Against Infection

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Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
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Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
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Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Detection
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Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Detection

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Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Detection.

Wei Liu1, Nathan A Krump1, Christopher B Buck2

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania.

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|February 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary

New protocols enable Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) infection studies in human skin cells. This advances research into MCPyV

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Oncology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is linked to Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), an aggressive skin cancer.
  • Studying MCPyV's molecular biology and oncogenic mechanisms is crucial but limited by inadequate cell culture models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and present protocols for performing and detecting MCPyV infection in primary human skin cells.
  • To provide adaptable methods for researchers investigating MCPyV and other viral infections.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of primary human dermal fibroblasts.
  • Preparation of recombinant MCPyV virions.
  • Detection of viral infection using immunofluorescent (IF) staining and in situ DNA-hybridization chain reaction (HCR).

Main Results:

  • Established protocols for MCPyV infection of primary human skin cells.
  • Demonstrated the utility of IF staining and HCR for detecting MCPyV infection.
  • Validated HCR as a sensitive method for detecting viral DNA.

Conclusions:

  • The developed protocols facilitate the study of MCPyV infection in human skin cells.
  • These methods can be adapted to identify other cell types supporting MCPyV infection.
  • The sensitive HCR approach can detect low levels of viral DNA in infected tissues.