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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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The adrenal or supra-renal glands, situated above the kidneys and aligned with the twelfth rib, are paired pyramid-shaped structures crucial for the body's stress response. During stress, these glands secrete hormones vital for adaptive physiological reactions.
These glands possess a distinctive yellow tinge due to the stored cholesterol and fatty acids required for hormone synthesis. They are encased in a fibrous capsule and cushioned by fat.
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Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

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Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
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Hormones of the Adrenal Glands01:31

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Adrenal hormones play a pivotal role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and orchestrating responses to stress, showcasing the intricate functions of the adrenal cortex and medulla.
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Circulating microRNAs in adrenal tumors.

Peter Igaz1,2

  • 12nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine.

Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity
|February 26, 2019
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Circulating microRNAs show promise as minimally invasive markers for adrenal tumors. These microRNAs may aid in diagnosing adrenal cancers and differentiating them from other adrenal conditions like myelolipoma.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Circulating microRNAs are emerging as valuable biomarkers for various diseases, including cancers.
  • Accurate preoperative diagnosis of adrenal tumors, such as distinguishing adrenocortical from adrenomedullary malignancy, remains challenging.
  • Minimally invasive diagnostic tools are crucial for effective clinical management of adrenal neoplasms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the application of circulating microRNAs for adrenal tumor diagnosis and management.
  • To explore the potential of circulating microRNAs in differentiating various types of adrenal tumors.
  • To discuss the utility of circulating microRNAs in monitoring the progression of adrenal cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of published literature on circulating microRNAs in adrenal tumors.
  • Analysis of studies using plasma, serum, and extracellular vesicle-derived microRNAs.
  • Examination of microRNA profiles for adrenocortical malignancy and adrenal myelolipoma.

Main Results:

  • Circulating microRNAs show applicability in diagnosing adrenocortical malignancy.
  • Data suggest circulating microRNAs can be used to monitor adrenocortical cancer progression.
  • Distinct microRNA profiles exist for adrenal myelolipoma, aiding differentiation from adrenocortical cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Circulating microRNAs hold significant potential as minimally invasive biomarkers for adrenal tumors.
  • These biomarkers may improve the diagnostic accuracy and clinical management of adrenal neoplasms.
  • Further research into circulating microRNA profiles could enhance the differentiation of specific adrenal tumor types.