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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Small-Scale Colorimetric Assays of Intracellular Lactate and Pyruvate in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
Published on: October 15, 2018
Astrocytic pyruvate carboxylation: Status after 35 years
Arne Schousboe1, Helle S Waagepetersen1, Ursula Sonnewald1
1Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Abstract:
The first two publications dealing with the question of the cellular localization of the enzyme pyruvate carboxylase (PC) which in the brain represents the most important metabolic pathway to allow anaplerosis of TCA cycle constituents were published in 1983 and 1985. Hence, 2018 marks the 35th anniversary of the notion based on the results of the publications provided above that PC-catalyzed anaplerosis in the brain is an astrocytic process. This review will provide the background for investigating this enzymatic pathway as well as a discussion of cataplerosis, the degradation of products from anaplerosis, and the current status of the functional significance of pyruvate carboxylation in brain metabolism.
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