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Are the neuroprotective effects of exercise training systemically mediated?
Atefe R Tari1, Cecilie S Norevik1, Nathan R Scrimgeour2
1The Cardiac Exercise Research Group at Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway; Department of Neurology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
|February 26, 2019
Summary
Regular exercise may protect against dementia by releasing brain-boosting molecules. These exercise-induced factors, like BDNF and irisin, show promise for new dementia prevention and treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Exercise Physiology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Dementia lacks a cure, necessitating new therapeutic targets.
- Endurance exercise and high cardiorespiratory fitness are linked to reduced cognitive impairment and dementia risk.
- Exercise benefits are increasingly attributed to systemic neurotrophic factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review literature on exercise-induced systemic neurotrophic factors for brain protection.
- To identify potential molecular targets for cognitive function maintenance and neurodegeneration prevention.
- To explore translational research integrating molecular, animal, and human studies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of translational research.
- Integration of data from molecular studies, animal models, and clinical/epidemiological studies.
- Focus on exercise-induced, blood-borne biomolecules.
Main Results:
- Exercise-induced systemic factors may cross the blood-brain barrier.
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and FNDC5/irisin are identified as key mediators.
- These factors show potential for protecting against neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease.
Conclusions:
- Exercise-induced blood-borne biomolecules may mediate cognitive benefits.
- BDNF and FNDC5/irisin are promising candidates for neuroprotection.
- These factors could form the basis for novel therapeutic strategies against dementia.
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