Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses01:25

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses

236
A loading dose is an essential pharmacological strategy to rapidly achieve the target plasma drug concentration necessary for an immediate therapeutic effect. This approach is especially critical for drugs characterized by slow absorption or extended half-lives, where delaying therapeutic plasma levels could compromise treatment outcomes. By administering a loading dose, clinicians ensure a prompt onset of drug action, even for agents with complex pharmacokinetic profiles.Achieving steady-state...
236
Dose-Response Relationship: Selectivity and Specificity01:25

Dose-Response Relationship: Selectivity and Specificity

9.7K
Drugs exert their therapeutic effects by interacting with receptors, enzymes, or ion channels that are present throughout the human body. The strength and duration of the interaction between a drug and its target receptor are characterized by the selectivity and specificity of the drug. Selectivity refers to a drug's strong preference for its intended target over other targets. For instance, isoprenaline, a non-selective β-adrenergic agonist, interacts with both β1- and...
9.7K
Bioavailability Study Design: Single Versus Multiple Dose Studies01:11

Bioavailability Study Design: Single Versus Multiple Dose Studies

228
Bioavailability studies are essential for understanding how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the body. These studies assess the extent and rate at which the active pharmaceutical agent becomes available at the site of action. The design of bioavailability studies can involve single-dose or multiple-dose regimens, each with distinct advantages and limitations.Single-dose studies are the preferred approach due to their simplicity and reduced drug exposure for...
228
Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections01:21

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections

273
Calculating drug dosage and accumulation in multiple-dose regimens is crucial for achieving therapeutic efficacy while avoiding toxicity. This involves determining the plasma drug concentrations over time to optimize dosing schedules. The principle of superposition is fundamental in this process, allowing for the prediction of drug concentration in plasma following multiple doses based on single-dose data.The principle of superposition asserts that the plasma concentration-time curves from...
273
Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions01:24

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions

251
Intermittent intravenous (IV) infusion is a method of drug administration where medications are delivered over short infusion periods followed by intervals of no drug delivery. This approach helps to prevent sustained high drug concentrations in the bloodstream, reducing the risk of adverse effects associated with prolonged exposure. Unlike continuous infusion, steady-state concentrations may not be achieved during a single dosing cycle but can be reached through repeated...
251
Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations01:15

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations

246
Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is commonly administered via intermittent intravenous infusion to treat severe infections. An intermittent one-hour infusion of gentamicin, administered at eight-hour intervals, allows for precise control of plasma drug concentrations, minimizing toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy. Pharmacokinetic principles govern the dynamics of plasma concentrations and can be mathematically described using specific equations.The plasma drug concentration...
246

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Consensus Guidelines for Staging and Surveillance Imaging in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

JAMA dermatology·2026
Same author

Relationship between early use of tocilizumab during chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for multiple myeloma and cardiovascular risk and progression-free survival.

European heart journal open·2026
Same author

Let's talk about sex: leveraging an anonymous online forum to better understand orgasm health.

The journal of sexual medicine·2026
Same author

Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese revised Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests in children with amblyopia.

PeerJ·2026
Same author

Evaluation of Advanced Practice Radiation Therapist integration in an inpatient palliative radiation therapy service: a single-center prospective observational mixed-methods study.

Annals of palliative medicine·2026
Same author

Prospective Study of Cytomegalovirus Reactivation in Patients With Multiple Myeloma Receiving Anti-CD38 and BCMA Therapies.

Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Interphase Fluorescence in situ Hybridization of Bone Marrow Smears of Multiple Myeloma
07:53

Interphase Fluorescence in situ Hybridization of Bone Marrow Smears of Multiple Myeloma

Published on: April 15, 2022

4.7K

Dose Selection for Multiple Myeloma in Modern Era.

Shutao Wang1, Lucas Resende Salgado2, Ava Adler3

  • 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.

Practical Radiation Oncology
|February 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Radiation therapy effectively manages multiple myeloma bone lesions. Doses of 20-30 Gy in 6-10 fractions show lower pain recurrence than <20 Gy, with 20 Gy in 10 fractions superior to 8 Gy in 1 fraction.

More Related Videos

An Organotypic High Throughput System for Characterization of Drug Sensitivity of Primary Multiple Myeloma Cells
09:41

An Organotypic High Throughput System for Characterization of Drug Sensitivity of Primary Multiple Myeloma Cells

Published on: July 15, 2015

9.1K
Establishment of a Human Multiple Myeloma Xenograft Model in the Chicken to Study Tumor Growth, Invasion and Angiogenesis
10:04

Establishment of a Human Multiple Myeloma Xenograft Model in the Chicken to Study Tumor Growth, Invasion and Angiogenesis

Published on: May 1, 2015

13.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Interphase Fluorescence in situ Hybridization of Bone Marrow Smears of Multiple Myeloma
07:53

Interphase Fluorescence in situ Hybridization of Bone Marrow Smears of Multiple Myeloma

Published on: April 15, 2022

4.7K
An Organotypic High Throughput System for Characterization of Drug Sensitivity of Primary Multiple Myeloma Cells
09:41

An Organotypic High Throughput System for Characterization of Drug Sensitivity of Primary Multiple Myeloma Cells

Published on: July 15, 2015

9.1K
Establishment of a Human Multiple Myeloma Xenograft Model in the Chicken to Study Tumor Growth, Invasion and Angiogenesis
10:04

Establishment of a Human Multiple Myeloma Xenograft Model in the Chicken to Study Tumor Growth, Invasion and Angiogenesis

Published on: May 1, 2015

13.5K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiation Oncology

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) management has advanced with novel biologics.
  • Radiation therapy is crucial for painful lytic bone lesions in MM.
  • Current radiation regimens predate modern biologic therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of radiation dose and fractionation on pain control in MM patients.
  • To assess radiation therapy effectiveness in the era of advanced MM treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 130 MM patients (266 treatment sites) from 2007-2017.
  • Univariate Cox proportional hazards models analyzed pain recurrence risk.
  • Examined treatment characteristics including dose and fractionation.

Main Results:

  • A total dose of 20 to <30 Gy significantly reduced pain recurrence compared to <20 Gy (HR, 0.36; P=.0365).
  • No significant difference in pain recurrence based on fraction number/size, but a trend favored 6-10 fractions (P=.06).
  • 8 Gy in 1 fraction showed significantly higher pain recurrence than 20 Gy in 10 fractions.

Conclusions:

  • Radiation therapy remains effective for MM lytic bone lesions.
  • 6- to 10-fraction courses are as effective as longer courses.
  • 20 Gy in 10 fractions demonstrated a lower probability of pain recurrence than 8 Gy in 1 fraction.