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Optimizing accuracy of sampling protocols to measure nutrient content of solid manure.

Christine M F Miller1, Jennifer M Heguy2, Betsy M Karle3

  • 1Department of Animal Science, One Shields Avenue, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

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Summary

Accurate manure nutrient analysis requires careful sampling. This study found that over 25 grab samples from interior locations are often needed for variable manure piles to ensure precise nutrient application.

Keywords:
Manure managementManure samplingNutrient managementUncertainty analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Soil Science
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Precise manure application is crucial for crop productivity and minimizing nutrient pollution.
  • Manure nutrient content variability and sampling accuracy pose challenges for effective nutrient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the accuracy of sampling protocols for static solid manure piles.
  • To evaluate the impact of grab sample number and depth on composite sample representativeness.

Main Methods:

  • Collected over 35 individual grab samples from ten static dairy manure piles.
  • Analyzed samples for dry matter, ash, total nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus.
  • Conducted resampling simulations to assess precision and bias based on sample number and depth.

Main Results:

  • The number of grab samples needed for ±10% accuracy varied significantly by manure pile composition.
  • Multi-source manure piles often required >25 grab samples, while single-source piles needed ~6.
  • Dry matter decreased below 0.4m depth; biased results occurred unless 70-80% of samples were from the pile interior.

Conclusions:

  • Sampling protocols must account for manure variability and pile characteristics.
  • Optimizing manure sampling strategies is essential for accurate nutrient management and environmental protection.
  • Farmers should consider the resource investment for representative sampling to improve nutrient application accuracy.