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Subliminal Perception01:15

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Subliminal perception refers to the processing of sensory information that occurs below the level of conscious awareness. Researchers study subliminal perception by presenting a stimulus, such as a word or image, very quickly, typically around 50 milliseconds. This rapid presentation is often followed by another stimulus, such as a pattern of dots or lines, which blocks further mental processing of the initial stimulus. As a result, if participants cannot identify the initial stimulus better...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Electrically Evoked Stapedius Reflex Measurements in Cochlear Implantation and Its Application in the Postoperative Fitting Process
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The speech perception gap in cochlear implant patients.

Zechariah G Franks1, Abraham Jacob2

  • 1a Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA.

Cochlear Implants International
|February 27, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Many patients with hearing loss experience overestimated word recognition scores. A significant Speech Perception Gap suggests many may benefit more from cochlear implants or other advanced hearing solutions.

Keywords:
Cochlear ImplantHearing AidHearing Aid FitHearing Aid FittingSensorineural Hearing LossSpeech Perception GapSpeech RecognitionWord Recognition Score

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Aided speech recognition testing is crucial for hearing aid fitting but often omitted.
  • Insert microphone scores (PB max) may overestimate real-world aided word recognition scores (A-WRS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the overestimation of word recognition scores using insert microphones compared to hearing aid-aided scores.
  • To identify the prevalence of a significant Speech Perception (SP) gap in patients evaluated for cochlear implants.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 78 cochlear implant recipients.
  • Calculated the SP gap (PB max - A-WRS) and defined a high SP gap as ≥20%.

Main Results:

  • 30 patients (38%) with PB max ≥20% showed a high SP gap (≥20%).
  • 18 patients (23%) with PB max ≥40% showed a high SP gap (≥20%), with 15 (83%) exhibiting this gap.
  • A high SP gap was observed in a considerable percentage of patients.

Conclusions:

  • A substantial Speech Perception Gap exists in patients with hearing loss, indicating potential overestimation of hearing aid benefit.
  • Patients with PB max scores between 40% and 70% may have severe hearing loss (Class D) and could benefit from alternative rehabilitation like cochlear implants.
  • Aided speech testing should be integrated into verified hearing aid fittings for all patients, particularly those with specific PB max ranges.