MODELLING THE INDOOR RADIATION DOSES: A REVIEW AND PERSPECTIVE

Area of Science:

• Radiological physics
• Environmental health
• Nuclear science

Background:

• Indoor radiation exposure from natural radionuclides (U-238, Th-232, K-40) is a significant health concern.
• Accurate dosimetry models are crucial for assessing risks associated with gamma and radon exposure in residential environments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review, refine, and apply theoretical models for calculating indoor gamma and radon doses.
• To investigate the influence of various building and room parameters on gamma radiation levels.
• To formulate radon indoor concentration and inhalation doses based on diffusion principles.

Main Methods:

• Gamma dose calculations using MCNP5 simulation software, incorporating parameters like wall thickness, material density, and room geometry.
• Radon dose modeling based on Fick's laws of diffusion to determine surface exhalation rates.
• Analysis of factors affecting secular equilibrium in the U-238 decay series.

Main Results:

• A comprehensive model for indoor gamma doses was developed, accounting for multiple room and building elements.
• Radon surface exhalation rates from walls and building materials were calculated using 1D and 3D diffusion models.
• Formulations for indoor radon concentration and associated inhalation doses were established.

Conclusions:

• The refined models provide a robust framework for assessing indoor gamma and radon doses.
• Understanding the impact of building materials and structural features is key to mitigating radiation exposure.
• The study contributes to better indoor radiation safety assessments and public health protection.