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Related Experiment Videos

Overnutrition induced decrease in insulin action for glucose storage: in vivo and in vitro in man.

D M Mott, S Lillioja, C Bogardus

    Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
    |February 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Short-term overnutrition impairs glucose storage and disposal in American Indians, leading to reduced insulin action. This effect is linked to increased fasting insulin levels and decreased glycogen synthase activity.

    Area of Science:

    • Metabolic Health
    • Nutritional Science
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Insulin resistance is a growing health concern, particularly in certain populations.
    • Understanding the immediate metabolic effects of overnutrition is crucial for public health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of short-term overnutrition on insulin action for glucose disposal.
    • To assess changes in carbohydrate metabolism and glycogen synthesis.

    Main Methods:

    • The study involved 15 Southwest American Indians undergoing controlled overnutrition.
    • Euglycemic clamp technique and indirect calorimetry were used to measure insulin sensitivity and substrate oxidation.
    • Muscle glycogen synthase activity was assessed.

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    Main Results:

    • Two weeks of overnutrition led to significant weight gain and reduced glucose storage at low and high insulin levels.
    • Carbohydrate oxidation increased, but overall glucose disposal decreased due to impaired storage.
    • Fasting insulin levels and reduced glycogen synthase activity correlated with impaired glucose disposal.

    Conclusions:

    • Short-term overnutrition significantly reduces insulin-mediated glucose storage and disposal.
    • Increased fasting insulin concentrations and decreased glycogen synthase activity may underlie these metabolic changes.
    • These findings highlight the rapid impact of dietary excess on metabolic health.