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Emerging Targeted Therapies for the Treatment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Patrick R Halliday1,2, Collin M Blakely1,2, Trever G Bivona3,4

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Current Oncology Reports
|February 27, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This review covers emerging targeted therapies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), focusing on genetic alterations beyond EGFR and ALK. Precision medicine advances offer new hope for improved patient outcomes in lung cancer treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Lung cancer is a leading cause of global cancer mortality.
  • Genetic profiling has identified actionable oncogenic drivers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  • This has revolutionized treatment strategies, shifting towards precision medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging targets and precision therapies for NSCLC.
  • To discuss established and novel targeted approaches for NSCLC with specific genetic alterations.
  • To highlight ongoing challenges in the precision treatment of lung cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on targeted therapies for NSCLC.
  • Focus on gene fusions (ROS1, RET, NTRK), receptor tyrosine kinases (MET, EGFR/HER2), and MAPK signaling alterations (SHP2, BRAF, NF1).
  • Discussion of biomarker-driven treatment selection.

Main Results:

  • Emerging targets include ROS1, RET, NTRK gene fusions, MET alterations, EGFR/HER2 exon 20 insertions, and MAPK signaling pathway aberrations.
  • Targeted therapies are increasingly selected based on specific genetic alterations.
  • Significant progress has been made in developing precision therapies for NSCLC.

Conclusions:

  • Precision medicine, guided by molecular profiling, is transforming NSCLC treatment.
  • Continued research is crucial to identify and target novel drivers of lung cancer.
  • Further efforts are needed to optimize patient outcomes through advanced targeted therapies.
Keywords:
KinaseLung cancerPrecision medicineTargeted therapyTherapeutic target

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