Diagnosis of Periimplant Disease

The aim of this review is to describe the current guidelines for the differential diagnosis of periimplant diseases.

Synopsis reviews were conducted to define the differential diagnosis of periimplant disease through an electronic literature search in MEDLINE up to February 2018.

Periimplant mucositis is defined by the presence of bleeding and/or suppuration on gentle probing with or without an increased probing depth compared with previous examinations and by the absence of bone loss beyond crestal bone-level changes resulting from initial bone remodeling. Periimplantitis is defined by the presence of bleeding and/or suppuration on gentle probing with an increased probing depth compared with previous examinations and by the presence of bone loss beyond crestal bone-level changes resulting from initial bone remodeling. Thus, a combination of clinical registrations (probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, and presence of pus) combined with radiographic signs of possible bone loss is needed for differential diagnosis.

An accurate baseline registration at the time of placement of the prosthesis (probing pocket depth and bone level) with ongoing yearly monitoring is essential for diagnosis and appropriate disease management.