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Antidiabetic Medications and the Risk of Endometrial Cancer in Patients

Jing Tian1,2, Yuan Liang2, Pengpeng Qu3

  • 1Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.

Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation
|February 28, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Antidiabetic medications like metformin, sulfonylureas, and insulin do not appear to increase endometrial cancer risk in type 2 diabetes patients. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Antidiabetic medications (ADMs) may influence cancer risk, but their effect on endometrial cancer (EC) is uncertain.
  • Existing data on ADMs and EC risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients are inconclusive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the association between metformin, sulfonylureas (SUs), and insulin use and the risk of developing EC in patients with DM.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic search of PubMed and EMBASE databases was conducted up to October 2017.
  • Observational studies reporting relative risks (RR) or odds ratios (OR) were included.
  • Random-effects models were used to estimate summary ORs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Main Results:

  • Six studies comprising 4,739 EC cases in 510,344 DM patients were analyzed.
  • Initial meta-analysis showed no significant association between metformin, SUs, or insulin and EC risk.
  • However, sensitivity analysis indicated metformin use was associated with an increased incidence of EC (unadjusted OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.16-1.44).

Conclusions:

  • Metformin, SUs, and insulin did not demonstrate a significant impact on EC risk in the overall analysis.
  • Metformin use warrants further investigation due to potential association with increased EC incidence in sensitivity analyses.
  • Additional research is necessary to clarify the relationship between ADMs and endometrial cancer risk.
Keywords:
Endometrial cancerMetforminThe riskType 2 diabetes mellitus

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