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Interplay of non-coding RNAs and approved antimetabolites such as gemcitabine and pemetrexed in mesothelioma

Bernhard Biersack1

  • 1Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany.

Non-Coding RNA Research
|February 28, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), influence mesothelioma treatment with gemcitabine and pemetrexed. Understanding these interactions can improve antimetabolite therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Gemcitabine and pemetrexed are key antimetabolites used in mesothelioma therapy, often combined with platinum agents.
  • The efficacy of these antimetabolites is significantly influenced by non-coding RNA expression levels.
  • Tumor resistance to antimetabolites is a critical challenge in mesothelioma treatment, with non-coding RNAs playing a regulatory role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the complex interplay between gemcitabine/pemetrexed antimetabolites and non-coding RNAs in mesothelioma.
  • To explore the role of non-coding RNAs in mediating tumor resistance to antimetabolite therapy.
  • To discuss non-coding RNA-modulating agents that enhance the effectiveness of gemcitabine or pemetrexed in mesothelioma.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on non-coding RNAs and antimetabolite therapy in mesothelioma.
  • Analysis of the mechanisms by which microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) affect drug activity and resistance.
  • Identification and discussion of therapeutic strategies involving non-coding RNA modulation.

Main Results:

  • Non-coding RNAs, specifically miRNAs and lncRNAs, are crucial regulators of gemcitabine and pemetrexed activity in mesothelioma.
  • Dysregulation of non-coding RNAs contributes to the development of tumor resistance to these antimetabolites.
  • Several non-coding RNA-modulating agents have shown promise in enhancing the efficacy of standard antimetabolite treatments.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of non-coding RNA-antimetabolite interactions is essential for advancing mesothelioma therapy.
  • Targeting non-coding RNAs presents a promising avenue for overcoming drug resistance and improving patient outcomes.
  • Future research should focus on developing novel therapeutic strategies based on modulating non-coding RNAs in conjunction with established antimetabolites.
Keywords:
AKBA, 3-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acidAnticancer drugsBcl-2, B-cell lymphoma 2DADS, diallyl sulfideDHA, docosahexaenoic acidDIM, 3,3‘-diindolylmethaneDMPM, diffuse malignant peritoneal mesotheliomaEGCG, epigallocatechin-3-gallateEMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transitionGemcitabineHOTAIR, HOX transcript antisense RNAI3C, indole-3-carbinolLong non-coding RNAMALAT1, metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1MPM, malignant pleural mesotheliomaMesotheliomaMicroRNANSCLC, non-small cell lung cancerNaB, sodium butyratePDCD4, programmed cell death 4PEG, polyethylene glycolePEITC, phenethylisothiocyanatePTEN, phosphatase and tensin homologPemetrexedRA, retinoic acidSAHA, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acidSFN, sulforaphaneTSA, trichostatin A

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