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Postural control during galvanic vestibular stimulation in patients with persistent perceptual-postural dizziness
Josephin Woll1, Andreas Sprenger1,2, Christoph Helmchen3
1Institute of Psychology II, University of Luebeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Journal of Neurology
|February 28, 2019
Summary
Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) reveals distinct balance control differences in patients with persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD). GVS may help identify vestibular perception thresholds and modulate reflexes in PPPD patients.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Vestibular System Research
- Human Motor Control
Background:
- Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) affects balance and perception.
- Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) is a tool to probe the vestibular system.
- GVS has not been previously studied in PPPD patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of GVS on motion perception and postural control in PPPD patients.
- To compare GVS responses in PPPD patients with healthy controls.
- To explore GVS's potential for diagnosing and treating PPPD.
Main Methods:
- Functional testing of motion perception thresholds and postural responses using varying GVS intensities (imperceptible noisy GVS and perceptible GVS).
- Comparison between PPPD patients and healthy subjects under various conditions (eyes open/closed, firm/foam platform, cognitive load).
- Measurement of postural sway and Romberg's ratio.
Main Results:
- PPPD patients exhibited a lower GVS perception threshold than controls.
- Postural sway increased with GVS intensity and eye closure, with no group difference overall.
- Dissociable effects observed: increased sway in PPPD baseline with high GVS, but improved stability on foam with perceptible GVS.
Conclusions:
- GVS can differentiate between simple and complex balance tasks in PPPD.
- GVS may aid in identifying vestibular perception thresholds and modulating vestibulo-spinal reflexes in PPPD.
- Observed effects suggest altered postural control strategies and intersensory weighting in PPPD patients.
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