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JUVENILE XANTHOGRANULOMA: A CASE REPORT.
Sara Pires da Silva1, Catarina Viveiros1, Rui Almeida1
1Pedro Hispano Hospital, Local Health Unit of Matosinhos, Matosinhos, Portugal.
Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a rare non-Langerhans histiocytosis presenting in newborns. This case highlights neonatal onset with multiple skin lesions, emphasizing the need for monitoring extra-cutaneous involvement.
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Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Pediatrics
- Histopathology
Background:
- Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a rare, benign proliferation of non-Langerhans cells.
- It typically affects infants and children, often presenting with skin lesions.
- Neonatal presentation of JXG, particularly with multiple lesions, warrants careful evaluation for systemic involvement.
Observation:
- A preterm newborn presented with multiple, asymptomatic skin lesions.
- Clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical findings confirmed the diagnosis of JXG.
- At nine months follow-up, the infant showed no lesion progression or extra-cutaneous manifestations, including ocular involvement.
Findings:
- Neonatal presentation of multiple JXG lesions is uncommon.
- While JXG is generally benign, multiple lesions increase the risk of extra-cutaneous disease.
- Early diagnosis and monitoring are crucial for managing potential complications.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of recognizing JXG in neonates.
- Close monitoring for extra-cutaneous involvement, especially ocular, is recommended in infants with multiple lesions.
- Understanding the varied presentations of JXG aids in timely diagnosis and management.

