Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Preparation of the Rat Vocal Fold for Neuromuscular Analyses
Published on: May 15, 2020
High-resolution manometry and swallow outcomes after vocal fold injection medialization for unilateral vocal fold
Rachael E Kammer1, Corinne A Jones1, Aaron M Johnson2
1Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.
Background:
Injection medialization is performed to improve glottic closure, thereby airway protection. Overall objective to determine if unilateral injection medialization changes glottal area with concomitant adjustments in penetration/aspiration scale (PAS) scores and pharyngeal high-resolution manometry (HRM) parameters.
Methods:
Enrolled 17 adults with unilateral vocal fold paralysis/paresis and aspiration/penetration. Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and pharyngeal HRM completed at (1) baseline (within 1 week before injection), (2) postinjection (within 1 week post injection), and (3) 1-month postinjection. Comparisons between time points for PAS scores, glottal area, pharyngeal pressure, and timing.
Results:
No significant differences in normalized glottal area. No significant differences in PAS scores, for any consistency. Significantly increased rate of mesopharynx pressure rise and maximum pressure at 1 month postinjection (P = .01 and .02, respectively) compared to baseline. Significant decrease in mesopharynx integral from baseline to 1 week postoperative (P = .03).
Conclusion:
Findings suggest unilateral vocal fold injection medialization had limited effect on swallow function.
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