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Effect of patent ductus arteriosus on the heart in preterm infants

Ranjit Philip1, Jeffrey A Towbin1, Shyam Sathanandam1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.

Congenital Heart Disease
|February 28, 2019
PubMed

Insights

A patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants causes known hemodynamic effects. This review explores how PDA impacts myocardial adaptation and remodeling in these vulnerable infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal cardiology
  • Pediatric cardiovascular research
  • Infant cardiac physiology

Background:

  • Controversy exists regarding the long-term consequences of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and its treatment.
  • Hemodynamic alterations resulting from a large PDA in preterm neonates are established.
  • Understanding myocardial adaptation is crucial for managing preterm infants with PDA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the adaptive changes in the myocardium of preterm infants with PDA.
  • To describe the remodeling effects of PDA on the preterm infant heart.
  • To provide insights into the cardiovascular impact of PDA in neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on PDA hemodynamics in preterm infants.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on myocardial adaptation and remodeling.
  • Synthesis of data on the cardiac effects of PDA in neonatology.

Main Results:

  • Large PDAs significantly alter cardiac hemodynamics in preterm infants.
  • The preterm myocardium undergoes adaptive changes in response to PDA.
  • Remodeling processes in the infant heart are influenced by PDA severity and duration.

Conclusions:

  • PDA imposes significant hemodynamic stress on the preterm heart.
  • Myocardial adaptation and remodeling are key consequences of PDA in neonates.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand long-term outcomes and optimize PDA management.

Keywords:
congestive heart failureneonatologypatent ductus arteriosuspediatricspreterm infantsurgical ligationtranscatheter device closure

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