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Comparing Three Methods for Counting Raw-Milk Pour Plates 1.

J A Wesley1, B E Langlois1, J O'Leary1

  • 1Food Science Section, Department of Animal Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546.

Journal of Food Protection
|March 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Comparing milk quality testing methods, automatic colony counters (ACC) yielded lower raw milk bacterial counts than manual tallies (HT/DT). ACC counts at 72 hours improved accuracy over 48 hours, enabling predictive models.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Food Science
  • Dairy Science

Background:

  • Accurate enumeration of bacteria in raw milk is crucial for quality assessment and safety.
  • Traditional manual counting methods can be labor-intensive and prone to variability.
  • Automated colony counting offers potential for increased efficiency and consistency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare bacterial counts in raw milk using an automatic colony counter (ACC) versus two manual counting methods.
  • To evaluate the effect of different incubation temperatures (26, 30, 32°C) on bacterial counts.
  • To assess the correlation between manual and automated counts and develop predictive models.

Main Methods:

  • Six hundred Grade A raw milk samples were analyzed using Standard Methods agar.
  • Bacterial counts were determined after 72-hour incubation at 26, 30, and 32°C.
  • Three counting methods were employed: ACC, Quebec colony counter with hand tally (HT), and Quebec colony counter with electronic probe (DT).

Main Results:

  • No significant difference was observed between the hand tally (HT) and electronic probe (DT) manual counts.
  • ACC counts were significantly lower (P < .01) than manual counts across all temperatures (.31–.39 log counts lower).
  • ACC counts at 72 hours were significantly higher (P < .01) than at 48 hours (approx. 0.41 log counts difference).
  • High correlation (97%) was found between ACC and manual counts.
  • Regression equations were developed to predict 72-hour HT counts from 48 or 72-hour ACC counts.

Conclusions:

  • Manual counting methods (HT and DT) provide comparable results for raw milk bacterial enumeration.
  • Automatic colony counters tend to underestimate bacterial counts compared to manual methods.
  • Incubation time and temperature influence bacterial counts, with 72 hours yielding higher ACC counts.
  • Regression models can effectively predict manual counts from automated counts, aiding in quality control.