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Identification of a Potyvirus Causing Latent Infection in Calla Lilies
C C Chen1, C A Chang1, H T Tsai1
1Plant Pathology Division, Agricultural Research Institute, Wufeng, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
Plant Disease
|March 1, 2019
Summary
A new virus, Calla lily latent virus (CLLV), was identified in calla lilies. While it infects other plants, CLLV alone causes no symptoms in calla lilies and is spread via propagation material.
Area of Science:
- Plant Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Plant Pathology
Background:
- Calla lilies (Zantedeschia spp.) are economically important ornamental plants.
- Emerging viral diseases can impact crop production and trade.
- Potyviruses are a significant genus affecting various plant species.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and characterize a novel potyvirus infecting calla lilies.
- To determine the biological and molecular properties of the new virus.
- To develop diagnostic tools for the virus and assess its impact on calla lilies.
Main Methods:
- Isolation and mechanical transmission of the virus to indicator plants (Chenopodium quinoa).
- Electron microscopy for particle morphology.
- Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for amplification and sequencing of viral cDNA.
- Bioinformatic analysis of nucleotide and amino acid sequences.
- Production of polyclonal antibodies against the viral coat protein.
- Serological detection using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot.
- Field surveys to assess virus prevalence and symptom association.
Main Results:
- A new potyvirus, Calla lily latent virus (CLLV), was isolated from symptomless calla lilies.
- CLLV successfully infected C. quinoa, inducing local lesions, but was difficult to re-establish in calla lilies.
- Sequence analysis of the 3' terminal region revealed a unique coat protein (CP) gene and 3' non-coding region (NCR), confirming CLLV as a new species within the Potyvirus genus.
- Polyclonal antibodies against CLLV CP were successfully produced and validated for sensitive detection.
- Field surveys indicated that CLLV infection alone in calla lilies is asymptomatic, but it is often found with other viruses in symptomatic plants.
Conclusions:
- Calla lily latent virus (CLLV) is a distinct new species of Potyvirus.
- CLLV infection alone does not cause visible symptoms in calla lilies, suggesting it may not directly impact crop production.
- The virus is primarily spread through vegetative propagation, highlighting the importance of using certified disease-free planting material.
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