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Characterization of Penicillium Isolates Associated with Blue Mold on Apple in Uruguay

M J Pianzzola1, M Moscatelli1, S Vero1

  • 1Cátedra de Microbiología. Facultad de Química, C.P. 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay.

Plant Disease
|March 1, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Blue mold, a significant postharvest apple disease in Uruguay, was studied. Researchers identified Penicillium expansum and Penicillium solitum, with P. solitum newly reported as an apple pathogen in the region.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Mycology
  • Food Science

Background:

  • Blue mold, caused by Penicillium spp., is a major postharvest disease affecting apples in Uruguay.
  • Effective management requires accurate identification of the causal agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify Penicillium species associated with blue mold in Uruguayan apples.
  • To evaluate molecular techniques for species identification.
  • To assess fungicide sensitivity and report new pathogen occurrences.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of Penicillium from symptomatic fruit and processing water.
  • Phenotypic identification and fungicide sensitivity testing.
  • Genetic characterization using ribosomal DNA (ITS1-5.8S rRNA gene-ITS2) RFLP and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD).

Main Results:

  • Fourteen Penicillium isolates were obtained and identified.
  • Both RFLP and RAPD successfully differentiated Penicillium species.
  • Eleven isolates were identified as Penicillium expansum, and three as Penicillium solitum.
  • RAPD analysis was confirmed as a rapid and reliable identification tool.

Conclusions:

  • Penicillium expansum and Penicillium solitum are the primary agents of blue mold in Uruguayan apples.
  • Penicillium solitum is reported as an apple pathogen in Uruguay for the first time.
  • Molecular methods, particularly RAPD, are effective for identifying these pathogens.
Keywords:
identification

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