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Biological and Molecular Variability Among High Plains virus Isolates.

Dallas L Seifers1, Y-M She2, Tom L Harvey3

  • 1Professor, Kansas State University, Agricultural Research Center-Hays 67601-9228.

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High Plains virus (HPV) isolates show molecular variability in maize. Some HPV strains can infect resistant maize lines, indicating potential disease management challenges.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • High Plains virus (HPV), transmitted by the wheat curl mite (WCM), causes significant maize disease in the U.S. High Plains.
  • Understanding HPV variability is crucial for developing effective disease management strategies in maize (Zea mays).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular and biological variability of five High Plains virus isolates.
  • To assess the infectivity of these isolates on a resistant maize inbred line.

Main Methods:

  • Separation of HPV isolates from co-infecting Wheat streak mosaic virus.
  • Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) to analyze amino acid sequence variability of the 32-kDa nucleoprotein (32 np).
  • Inoculation of resistant maize (inbred B73) using vascular puncture inoculation (VPI) and viruliferous WCM.

Main Results:

  • TOFMS revealed an 18-amino acid sequence at the N-terminus of the 32 np, with observed differences and variability among isolates.
  • Three of five HPV isolates successfully infected the resistant maize inbred B73 via VPI.
  • Two of these three isolates also infected B73 using WCM, though with low infection rates.

Conclusions:

  • Significant molecular variability exists within High Plains virus isolates affecting maize.
  • Certain HPV isolates demonstrate the ability to overcome resistance in maize, posing a threat to crop yields.
  • Further research is needed to understand the implications of HPV variability for disease control in maize.