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Factors Affecting Soybean Root Colonization by Calonectria ilicicola and Development of Red Crown Rot Following
P U Kuruppu1, R W Schneider2, J S Russin3
1Parks Library, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.
Plant Disease
|March 1, 2019
Summary
Early soybean root colonization by Calonectria ilicicola is key for red crown rot. Planting dates and cultivar resistance significantly impact disease severity and pathogen spread in fields.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Agronomy
- Soybean Diseases
Background:
- Red crown rot, caused by Calonectria ilicicola, is a significant soybean disease.
- Understanding factors influencing pathogen colonization is crucial for disease management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of planting date, soybean cultivar susceptibility, and soil pathogen population on C. ilicicola root colonization.
- To determine the relationship between root colonization and red crown rot development.
- To assess the influence of plant age on soybean susceptibility to C. ilicicola.
Main Methods:
- Field studies conducted over three years (1994-1996).
- Evaluation of different planting dates and soybean cultivars (Sharkey and Cajun).
- Measurement of C. ilicicola inoculum density and root colonization (taproot and lateral roots).
- Assessment of red crown rot symptoms and foliar symptoms.
- Controlled inoculation of soybean plants at various growth stages.
Main Results:
- Early season root colonization by C. ilicicola was critical for red crown rot symptom development.
- Delayed planting reduced disease severity in susceptible cultivars (Sharkey), while less susceptible cultivars (Cajun) showed consistently low disease.
- Taproot colonization correlated positively with inoculum density across all years.
- Lateral root colonization correlated with inoculum density in 1994, the only year with foliar symptoms.
- High soil temperatures and low rainfall in 1995 reduced inoculum density and soybean root colonization.
- Soybean plants were most susceptible to C. ilicicola within the first week after seedling emergence, with susceptibility decreasing thereafter.
Conclusions:
- Planting date and cultivar selection are vital management strategies for controlling red crown rot.
- Environmental conditions, particularly soil temperature and moisture, significantly influence pathogen populations and disease incidence.
- Soybean susceptibility to C. ilicicola is age-dependent, with young seedlings being most vulnerable.
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