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A New Tomato leaf curl virus from Mayotte.

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A new begomovirus, Tomato leaf curl Mayotte virus, was identified in Mayotte, causing stunting and leaf curl in tomato plants. This discovery highlights the need for disease management strategies against this emerging tomato pest.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Tomato plants in Mayotte exhibited stunting and leaf curl symptoms in 2003.
  • The whitefly Bemisia tabaci, a known vector, was observed on affected plants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the begomovirus associated with the observed tomato disease symptoms in Mayotte.
  • To characterize the genetic makeup of the virus using molecular techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Leaf samples from symptomatic tomato plants were collected from five regions of Mayotte.
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were performed using degenerate primers targeting begomovirus DNA.
  • PCR products were sequenced and analyzed for nucleotide identity to known begomoviruses.

Main Results:

  • PCR assays successfully amplified begomovirus DNA from six symptomatic leaf samples.
  • Sequence analysis revealed that the Mayotte isolates shared 80-83% nucleotide identity with Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCMV) and South African cassava mosaic virus (SACMV).
  • Based on sequence identity thresholds (<90% in the coat protein gene core region), the virus represents a new begomovirus species.

Conclusions:

  • The begomovirus identified in Mayotte represents a new species, provisionally named Tomato leaf curl Mayotte virus (ToLCMV).
  • This finding contributes to understanding begomovirus diversity in the region and potential threats to tomato production.