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Related Concept Videos

Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

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The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
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Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
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Behavior Modification01:21

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Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
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Protein Modifications in the RER01:26

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Modification of secretory and transmembrane proteins entering the rough ER begins in the ER lumen. These modifications aid in protein folding and stabilize the acquired tertiary structure. Protein modifications in the rough ER co-occur at different stages of protein folding.
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Surface Tension and Surface Energy01:16

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When a paint brush is immersed in water, the bristles wave freely inside the water. When it is taken out, the bristles stick together. The reason behind this effect is surface tension.
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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Evaluating the Effects of Different Polishing Methods on Color Stability of Dental Restorations in Pediatric Dentistry
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Zirconia surface modifications for implant dentistry.

Fernanda H Schünemann1, María E Galárraga-Vinueza1, Ricardo Magini1

  • 1School of Dentistry (DODT), Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry (PPGO), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.

Materials Science & Engineering. C, Materials for Biological Applications
|March 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Dental zirconia surface treatments significantly improve osseointegration compared to untreated surfaces. However, optimal methods and surface characteristics for enhanced bone integration remain under investigation.

Keywords:
BioactivityFunctionally graded materialsImplant surfaceOsseointegrationSurface modificationZirconiaZirconia surface treatment

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Implantology
  • Surface Engineering

Background:

  • Zirconia is a preferred dental material for its aesthetics and mechanical properties.
  • It offers advantages in mimicking natural teeth and reducing inflammation around implants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current zirconia surface treatments for dental implants.
  • To assess their impact on osseointegration and biological behavior.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted in the PubMed database.
  • Keywords included "zirconia surface treatment," "osseointegration," and related terms.

Main Results:

  • Various physicochemical methods like acid etching, grit-blasting, and laser treatment enhance implant surface integration.
  • Coatings with silica, graphene, and bioactive molecules show promise.
  • Functionally graded materials exhibit favorable mechanical and biological properties.

Conclusions:

  • Modified zirconia surfaces promote faster osseointegration than untreated ones.
  • Further research is needed to establish consensus on the best surface treatments and morphological features for optimal osseointegration.