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Related Concept Videos

Conformity01:20

Conformity

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Conformity is the change in a person’s behavior to go along with the group, even if that person does not agree with the group.
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Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
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Unlike ethane and propane that have only two major conformations, butane has more than two conformers. The staggered form of butane in which the bulky methyl groups on the two carbons are placed on opposite sides, that is, at a dihedral angle of 180°, is the lowest energy, most stable form — called the anti conformer. This conformation is stabilized due to the absence of steric repulsion between the largely spaced out methyl groups. The other two staggered conformations are...
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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Phase Diagrams

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A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
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The electron affinity (EA) is the energy change for adding an electron to a gaseous atom to form an anion (negative ion).
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Fabrication and Characterization of a Conformal Skin-like Electronic System for Quantitative, Cutaneous Wound Management
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High Precision Thermoforming 3D-Conformable Electronics with a Phase-Changing Adhesion Interlayer.

Kang Wu1, Qifeng Zhou2, Huaping Zou3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and technology, Wuhan 430074, China. wuk16@hust.edu.cn.

Micromachines
|March 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new fabrication method for high-precision 3D conformable electronics. The advanced technique enhances accuracy and durability, paving the way for mass production.

Keywords:
cracks and delaminationhigh precisionlaminated structuresphase changethermoforming

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electronics Engineering
  • Manufacturing Technology

Background:

  • Advanced electronic fabrication technologies are crucial for modern design-conscious products.
  • Current industrial methods struggle with morphology accuracy and material cracking, impacting device performance.
  • There is a need for precise fabrication of 3D conformable electronics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel fabrication method for high-precision 3D conformable electronics.
  • To address challenges in morphology accuracy and material integrity in electronic fabrication.
  • To enable mass production of conformable electronic devices.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a thermal phase-changing adhesion interlayer.
  • Employed modified fabricating processes in self-developed equipment.
  • Investigated working principles and influencing factors like heating time and geometry parameters.

Main Results:

  • Achieved enhanced accuracy of fabricated patterns using the new technology and serpentine structures.
  • Significantly alleviated issues of delamination and detachment.
  • Demonstrated quantitative understanding of working principles and influencing factors.

Conclusions:

  • The presented fabrication method significantly improves precision and durability for 3D conformable electronics.
  • The technology is compatible with existing materials and offers operational convenience.
  • This method holds great potential for the mass production of 3D curved conformable electronics.