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Regulation of Stroke Volume01:27

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Stroke in Ancient Mesopotamia.

Saad Kazim Karim1, Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Azadi Teaching Hospital, Dukok, Iraq.

Medical Archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)
|March 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Ancient Mesopotamians documented stroke symptoms and familial occurrence over 4000 years ago. Early physicians observed vascular disorders, noting paralysis and offering physical treatments, advancing early stroke medicine.

Keywords:
Mesopotamiacerebrovascular diseasehistory of medicinestroke

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Area of Science:

  • History of Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Ancient Civilizations

Background:

  • The historical understanding of cerebrovascular diseases in ancient Mesopotamia remains largely unexplored.
  • This review examines early Mesopotamian medical practices related to stroke, referred to as

Observation:

  • Ancient Mesopotamian clay tablets from the neo-Sumerian period detail medical records.
  • Physicians, including āšipu (exorcists) and ašu (physician-priests), documented observations of neurological conditions.
  • Two cuneiform texts, one diagnostic and one therapeutic, specifically address stroke.

Findings:

  • Mesopotamian healers recognized and recorded vascular brain disorders.
  • They observed paralysis and noted its familial occurrence.
  • While demonstrating anatomical knowledge, they lacked understanding of modern pathology or physiology.

Implications:

  • This research highlights the sophisticated observational skills of ancient healers in documenting stroke.
  • It provides insight into the early history of stroke medicine and patient care in Mesopotamia.
  • The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of ancient medical practices and their evolution.