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Using conversational agents to explain medication instructions to older adults.

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Computer agents (CAs) can improve medication information recall for older adults by eliciting social responses. Different CA designs and message framing impact patient learning and engagement.

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Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Gerontology
  • Health Informatics

Background:

  • Developing effective computer agent (CA) based systems for patient-centered communication is crucial, especially for older adults receiving medication instructions.
  • Understanding how CA design and message framing influence patient responses is essential for optimizing health information delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate older and younger adults' responses to medication information presented by computer agents (CAs) with varying appearances and message framing.
  • To assess the impact of CA realism, expressiveness, and message framing (gains vs. losses) on patient memory, affect, and perception of teaching effectiveness.

Main Methods:

  • 360 older and younger adults were exposed to medication information delivered by CAs differing in appearance (photorealistic, cartoon, emoji) and message framing (gain vs. loss).
  • Evaluated outcomes included patient memory for medication information, affective responses, perceived CA teaching effectiveness, expressiveness, and similarity.

Main Results:

  • Computer agents (CAs) significantly impacted older adults' learning of medication information.
  • Social responses engendered by CAs played a key role in enhancing learning outcomes for older adults.
  • CA appearance and message framing influenced patient perceptions and memory, suggesting design implications for health communication systems.

Conclusions:

  • Computer agents (CAs) can be effective tools for delivering medication information to older adults, particularly by leveraging social interaction principles.
  • Tailoring CA design and communication strategies to elicit positive social responses can enhance patient understanding and adherence to medication instructions.