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Biomarkers of vascular injury in relation to myocardial infarction risk: A population-based study

Laura Pletsch-Borba1,2, Mirja Grafetstätter1,2, Anika Hüsing1

  • 1Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.

Scientific Reports
|March 1, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Novel vascular injury biomarkers were linked to cardiovascular risk factors but did not independently predict myocardial infarction (MI) risk in a population study. These markers may indicate underlying disease processes rather than being direct MI predictors.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Disease Research
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Circulating biomarkers of vascular injury are poorly understood in relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
  • Established CVD risk factors often lack specific molecular indicators of vascular damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate associations between six novel vascular injury markers and established cardiovascular risk factors.
  • To assess the predictive value of these novel biomarkers for myocardial infarction (MI) risk in a population-based cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A case-cohort study design using pre-diagnostic plasma samples from the EPIC-Heidelberg cohort.
  • Measurement of E-Selectin, P-Selectin, thrombomodulin, thrombopoietin, intercellular adhesion molecule 3, and GPIIb/IIIa.
  • Statistical analyses included Generalized Linear Models for cross-sectional associations and Multivariable Cox Regression for MI risk prediction.

Main Results:

  • Biomarker levels showed cross-sectional associations with factors like sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, and hormone use.
  • Fibrinogen was significantly associated with increased MI risk (HR: 2.97).
  • None of the six novel vascular injury biomarkers were independently associated with MI risk after multivariable adjustment.

Conclusions:

  • While novel vascular injury biomarkers correlate with known cardiovascular risk factors, they do not appear to be independent predictors of myocardial infarction.
  • These biomarkers might reflect general pathophysiological changes in CVD development rather than serving as specific risk factors for MI.

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