Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

The Uncertainty Principle

The Uncertainty Principle

Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...

Complex Power

Complex Power

Power engineers have introduced the concept of complex power to determine the cumulative effect of parallel loads. This idea plays a crucial role in power analysis because it encompasses all the details related to the power consumed by a specific load.
Complex power is defined as the multiplication of the voltage and the complex conjugate of the current. The magnitude of this power, known as apparent power, is measured in volt-amperes (VA). Notably, the angle of the complex power equates to the...

Uncertainty in Measurement: Reading Instruments

Uncertainty in Measurement: Reading Instruments

Counting is the type of measurement that is free from uncertainty, provided the number of objects being counted does not change during the process. Such measurements result in exact numbers. By counting the eggs in a carton, for instance, one can determine exactly how many eggs are there in the carton. Similarly, the numbers of defined quantities are also exact. For example, 1 foot is exactly 12 inches, 1 inch is exactly 2.54 centimeters, and 1 gram is exactly 0.001 kilograms. Quantities...

Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning

Associative learning, a core principle in behavioral psychology, involves forming connections between events and facilitating learned responses. This concept is vividly illustrated by classical conditioning, a process extensively studied by the Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov. Pavlov's pioneering research on dogs' digestive systems led to the discovery that behaviors can be learned through association, laying the groundwork for classical conditioning.
Ivan Pavlov observed that dogs...

Uncertainty: Overview

Uncertainty: Overview

In analytical chemistry, we often perform repetitive measurements to detect and minimize inaccuracies caused by both determinate and indeterminate errors. Despite the cares we take, the presence of random errors means that repeated measurements almost never have exactly the same magnitude. The collective difference between these measurements - observed values - and the estimated or expected value is called uncertainty. Uncertainty is conventionally written after the estimated or expected value.

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Adventitious Error and Its Implications for Testing Relations Between Variables and for Composite Measurement Outcomes.

Psychometrika·2026

Same author

What does a <i>Z</i>-curve analysis tell us?

Cognition & emotion·2026

Same author

The Effect of Everyday Discrimination on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity and Mental Health Outcomes.

The Journal of rheumatology·2025

Same author

Depression and anxiety mediate the relationship between COVID-19 stay-at-home orders and tobacco and marijuana use.

PloS one·2025

Same author

Objectively Measured Sleep Disorders in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Their Association With Disease Activity.

Arthritis care & research·2025

Same author

Epigenetic attenuation of interferon signaling is associated with aging-related improvements in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Science translational medicine·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Split Point Analysis and Uncertainty Quantification of Thermal-Optical Organic/Elemental Carbon Measurements

Split Point Analysis and Uncertainty Quantification of Thermal-Optical Organic/Elemental Carbon Measurements

Published on: September 7, 2019

Complexities in power analysis: Quantifying uncertainties with a Bayesian-classical hybrid approach.

Jolynn Pek¹, Joonsuk Park¹

¹Department of Psychology.

Psychological Methods

|March 1, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Traditional power analysis often oversimplifies study feasibility. A new Bayesian-classical hybrid approach incorporates uncertainties for more realistic power estimates and sample size determination.

More Related Videos

Modified Terminal Restriction Fragment Analysis for Quantifying Telomere Length Using In-gel Hybridization

Modified Terminal Restriction Fragment Analysis for Quantifying Telomere Length Using In-gel Hybridization

Published on: July 10, 2017

A Novel Bayesian Change-point Algorithm for Genome-wide Analysis of Diverse ChIPseq Data Types

A Novel Bayesian Change-point Algorithm for Genome-wide Analysis of Diverse ChIPseq Data Types

Published on: December 10, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Split Point Analysis and Uncertainty Quantification of Thermal-Optical Organic/Elemental Carbon Measurements

Split Point Analysis and Uncertainty Quantification of Thermal-Optical Organic/Elemental Carbon Measurements

Published on: September 7, 2019

Modified Terminal Restriction Fragment Analysis for Quantifying Telomere Length Using In-gel Hybridization

Modified Terminal Restriction Fragment Analysis for Quantifying Telomere Length Using In-gel Hybridization

Published on: July 10, 2017

A Novel Bayesian Change-point Algorithm for Genome-wide Analysis of Diverse ChIPseq Data Types

A Novel Bayesian Change-point Algorithm for Genome-wide Analysis of Diverse ChIPseq Data Types

Published on: December 10, 2012

Area of Science:

Statistics
Psychology
Research Methodology

Background:

Power analysis is crucial for study feasibility and sample size justification.
Mainstream power analysis methods are often oversimplified and do not reflect real-world data analysis complexities.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the complexities of power analysis when accounting for data analysis uncertainties.
To introduce a Bayesian-classical hybrid approach for more realistic power estimation.
To compare power estimates from the hybrid method with traditional and Bayesian approaches.

Main Methods:

A Bayesian-classical hybrid approach is proposed to incorporate epistemic uncertainty, sampling variability, and model approximation uncertainty.
The method's power estimates are juxtaposed with traditional (frequentist) and Bayesian methods.
An example from lexical processing illustrates the concepts, with accompanying R and Rcpp code provided.

Main Results:

Incorporating uncertainties leads to more realistic and varied power estimates.
Sample size determination should consider both the assurance (mean power) and the variability of power estimates.
The Bayesian-classical hybrid method provides a more nuanced estimation of statistical power.

Conclusions:

The Bayesian-classical hybrid approach offers a more comprehensive method for power analysis.
Researchers should consider multiple sources of uncertainty in study design and sample size calculations.
Future research should explore the broader implications of incorporating these uncertainties into research design.