Lower general executive function is primarily associated with trait worry: A latent variable analysis of negative...

Area of Science:

• Cognitive Psychology
• Clinical Psychology
• Psychopathology

Background:

• Executive functions (EFs) are crucial cognitive processes.
• Negative thought and affect are linked to various mental health conditions.
• The relationship between EFs and negative thought/affect requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore shared variance between executive functions and negative thought/affect.
• To identify specific facets of negative thought/affect associated with EFs.
• To differentiate common and specific variances in EFs and negative thought/affect.

Main Methods:

• Latent-variable study with 192 college students.
• Assessed three EFs: inhibition, updating, and shifting.
• Measured anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, worry, and rumination.

Main Results:

• Negative thought/affect constructs were highly correlated.
• Trait worry uniquely associated with executive functions.
• Worry linked to common EF, but not specific EF abilities (shifting, updating).

Conclusions:

• Partitioning common and specific variances is essential.
• Trait worry may be a key cognitive factor linking to executive function deficits.
• Findings inform understanding of cognitive underpinnings of psychopathology.