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Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color
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Does letter rotation decrease transposed letter priming effects?

Huilan Yang1, Stephen J Lupker1

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Transposed-letter (TL) priming effects remain consistent across different text orientations, supporting abstract letter unit accounts of reading. This suggests our brains process letters regardless of their orientation.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Orthographic coding explains how readers process written words.
  • Perceptual learning and abstract letter unit accounts offer different predictions for transposed-letter (TL) priming effects based on stimulus orientation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how different text orientations affect masked transposed-letter (TL) priming effects.
  • To differentiate between perceptual learning and abstract letter unit accounts of orthographic coding.

Main Methods:

  • Masked transposed-letter (TL) priming paradigm was employed.
  • Stimuli (primes and targets) were presented in three orientations: 0°, 90°, and 180° rotations.
  • Participants were native English readers.

Main Results:

  • The magnitude of the TL priming effect was equivalent across all three tested orientations (0°, 90°, 180°).
  • This finding was consistent for native English readers.

Conclusions:

  • Results support abstract letter unit accounts of orthographic coding.
  • The findings suggest that letter processing is orientation-invariant, challenging predictions from perceptual learning accounts.