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Index Finger Muscle Fatigue and Pistol Firing Failure.

Kai Nestler, Ulrich Rohde, Alexander Witzki1

  • 1Bundeswehr Institute for Preventive Medicine, Andernach, Germany.

Human Factors
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Summary

Military pistol trigger pull causes significant finger muscle fatigue, impacting shooting ability. Even short breaks are insufficient for recovery, highlighting the need for optimal trigger weight.

Keywords:
genderindex fingerphysical ergonomicstask analysisupper extremity

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Military Medicine
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Soldiers' hand and finger muscles endure high loads from tasks like pistol trigger pulls (up to 58 N).
  • Sustained muscle exertion can lead to fatigue, compromising essential survival skills like marksmanship.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze finger strength in soldiers and assess the impact of muscle fatigue on shooting performance.
  • To investigate the relationship between initial finger strength, fatigue development, and task failure during marksmanship.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated marksmanship training of 30 German soldiers (15 female, ages 18-40) firing 60 rounds.
  • Measured maximum voluntary isometric contraction of the index finger (MVC_IF) before and after firing exercises.
  • Assessed performance across different trigger modes (single-action, double-action) and distances (5m, 10m).

Main Results:

  • Shooting significantly reduced MVC_IF in both female (88.2 N to 67.3 N) and male (145.8 N to 112.7 N) soldiers (p < .001).
  • 23 out of 30 soldiers experienced task failure due to fatigue, with all 15 female soldiers affected.
  • Higher initial MVC_IF correlated with less frequent and later task failure (r = .73 and r = 0.82, p < .001).
  • Two 6-minute breaks did not provide significant muscle recovery.

Conclusions:

  • Excessive trigger pull weight induces index finger muscle fatigue, leading to task failure in pistol marksmanship.
  • Brief recovery periods are inadequate for restoring finger muscle function after sustained firing.
  • Findings suggest a need to reconsider ideal trigger pull weights for military firearms to balance safety and performance.