Structural properties and bonding characteristics of honeycomb structure of composite ZnMnO₂ and activated carbon

Structural properties and chemical bonding of new composites (ZnMnO₂ and activated carbon) with honeycomb structure have been studied by using X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared. The composition of the powder of ZnMnO₂ has been studied by X-ray fluorescence in waste derived from a conventional battery. X-ray diffraction data show that the average crystallite size and the dislocation density for the composite are 90.17 nm and 12.30 × 10¹³ m^-2, respectively. The C-O and C=O bonding for composites seen shifted to the lower wave number of pure ZnMnO₂ and activated carbon indicated size reduction as an effect of Zn or Mn in the site of activated carbon. In addition, the reflection loss was analyzed by vector network analyzer and shows reflection loss of about -21.72 dB, the frequency range being 4.40-4.59 GHz for a thickness of 6 nm. The honeycomb structure of composite ZnMnO₂-AC in this study promises new types of composite materials for various applications.