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Related Concept Videos

Curing of Concrete01:20

Curing of Concrete

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The hydration of cement takes place within the water-filled capillary pores. However, environmental elements can disrupt this process by evaporating water from the concrete surfaces. Sealed concrete with a water-cement ratio below 0.5 experiences self-desiccation, leading to water loss. The water loss in concrete is mitigated by curing. This technique involves keeping the concrete saturated to maintain the necessary temperature and moisture conditions, to optimally fill the spaces in the cement...
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Curing Methods01:26

Curing Methods

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Concrete members with a small surface-to-volume ratio are cured by oiling and moistening the forms before casting the concrete member. These forms can be left in place for a prolonged period to prevent moisture loss, and can be wetted if made of a material suitable for wetting. If the forms are removed early, the concrete member is moistened and covered with polythene sheets to maintain moisture. For large horizontal concrete surfaces exposed to dry weather, a temporary covering is suspended...
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Accelerated Curing of Concrete01:25

Accelerated Curing of Concrete

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Accelerating concrete curing is achieved by applying heat and additional moisture. This process accelerates the hydration of the cement, resulting in an earlier strength gain in the concrete. Steam curing is a method wherein the concrete products are either transported through a chamber on a conveyor belt or encased in plastic, allowing steam at atmospheric pressure to circulate freely around them. This process begins with a phase of moist curing that typically lasts between 3 to 5 hours, after...
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Chemical Equilibria: Redefining Equilibrium Constant01:20

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The effect of an inert salt on the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt is known as the salt effect. The degree of the salt effect varies with the ionic strength of the solution, which in turn depends on the activity of the species in the solution. The activity is expressed as the product of concentration and the activity coefficient of the species.
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Primary Active Transport01:47

Primary Active Transport

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In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
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Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots03:02

Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots

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Vascular plants, which account for over 90% of the Earth’s vegetation, all undergo primary growth—which lengthens roots and shoots. Many land plants, notably woody plants, also undergo secondary growth—which thickens roots and shoots.
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A Venturi Effect Can Help Cure Our Trees
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Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Redefining Cure.

Anatoliy V Rudin, Travis J McKenzie, Robert A Wermer

    The American Surgeon
    |March 2, 2019
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism may achieve cure earlier than six months. Specific criteria including imaging, pathology, and intraoperative parathyroid hormone levels can identify this subset, potentially reducing follow-up needs.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Surgical Oncology
    • Medical Diagnostics

    Background:

    • Primary hyperparathyroidism is a common cause of hypercalcemia.
    • Post-surgical follow-up is resource-intensive and costly.
    • Identifying early cure criteria can optimize patient management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine if a subset of primary hyperparathyroidism patients can be defined as cured earlier than six months post-parathyroidectomy.
    • To identify predictors of early cure after parathyroidectomy.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective study of 214 patients undergoing parathyroidectomy (Jan 2012-Mar 2014).
    • Exclusion of patients with MEN syndrome, secondary/tertiary hyperparathyroidism, normal preoperative calcium/PTH, or insufficient follow-up.
    • Comparison of clinical and biochemical data between 'cured' and 'not cured' groups.

    Main Results:

    • A 94% cure rate was observed (202/214 patients).
    • Significant differences found in final intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) levels and percent PTH decrease.
    • Concordant imaging, solitary adenoma, and a 50% IOPTH decrease correlated with a 97% six-month cure rate.

    Conclusions:

    • Primary hyperparathyroidism patients with concordant imaging, solitary adenoma, and significant IOPTH reduction can be considered cured earlier.
    • These patients may benefit from less frequent post-operative follow-up.
    • Early cure criteria can refine post-surgical management strategies.