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A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats
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Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome

Lauren M Jansson1, Stephen W Patrick2

  • 1The Center for Addiction and Pregnancy, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 4940 Eastern Avenue, D4E, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.

Pediatric Clinics of North America
|March 2, 2019
PubMed

Insights

This review details the care for infants exposed to opioids, covering diagnosis and treatment of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) and supporting the mother-infant dyad. It emphasizes a comprehensive approach from initial assessment through long-term pediatric follow-up.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal care
  • Pharmacology
  • Public health

Background:

  • Opioid use in pregnancy presents significant challenges for neonates.
  • Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) requires specialized management protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the continuum of care for opioid-exposed infants.
  • To outline current best practices in the assessment and management of NAS.
  • To highlight the importance of integrated care for the mother-infant dyad.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies and clinical guidelines.
  • Synthesis of information on infant assessment, NAS diagnosis, and treatment modalities.
  • Examination of breastfeeding guidelines and pediatric follow-up strategies.

Main Results:

  • Established protocols for neonatal assessment and NAS diagnosis.
  • Detailed non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic management strategies for NAS.
  • Guidelines for safe breastfeeding and essential pediatric follow-up care.
  • Emphasis on the integrated care model for maternal and infant well-being.

Conclusions:

  • A multidisciplinary, continuous care approach is crucial for optimizing outcomes in opioid-exposed infants.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis of NAS, followed by tailored management, improves infant health.
  • Supporting the mother-infant dyad through integrated care enhances long-term success and reduces readmissions.

Keywords:
Maternal substance use disorderNeonatal abstinence syndromeNeonatal opioid withdrawal syndromeSubstance-exposed infant

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