Late Preterm Infants: Morbidities, Mortality, and Management Recommendations

Katie Huff1, Rebecca S Rose1, William A Engle1

  • 1Department of Neonatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 699 Riley Hospital Drive, RR 208, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.

Insights

Late preterm infants, born between 34-36 weeks, are the majority of premature births and face higher health risks. Continued monitoring is crucial due to increased morbidities and mortality compared to full-term infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Late preterm infants (34-36 weeks gestation) constitute the largest proportion of premature births in the US.
  • Rates of late preterm births have been increasing over the past three years.
  • These infants represent a significant population, with nearly 280,000 born in 2016.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the growing public health concern of late preterm births.
  • To underscore the increased risks of morbidity and mortality associated with late preterm infants.
  • To emphasize the long-term health monitoring needs for this population.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of national birth statistics.
  • Review of existing literature on late preterm infant outcomes.
  • Comparison of health risks between late preterm and full-term infants.

Main Results:

  • Late preterm infants experience higher rates of complications than more mature infants.
  • These health risks extend beyond the neonatal period.
  • A substantial burden is placed on healthcare and educational systems due to these increased risks.

Conclusions:

  • The rising incidence of late preterm births requires attention.
  • Late preterm infants require ongoing health surveillance throughout their lives.
  • Addressing the unique needs of late preterm infants is essential for mitigating long-term health consequences.

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